https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40459 Wed 27 Jul 2022 11:43:27 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47710 Wed 25 Jan 2023 10:48:36 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42538 Wed 24 Aug 2022 16:04:24 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51163 Wed 23 Aug 2023 17:30:50 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51161 Wed 23 Aug 2023 17:23:28 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:38517 2O₃ (possessing weak acid sites, 9.2 nm) and Ru/SiO₂ (absence of acid sites, 15.2 nm) were also prepared and examined. It was observed that a decrease in the Si/Al ratio of the support results in an increase in the yield of cyclohexane and a decrease in the yield of 2-methoxycyclohexanol in HDO of guaiacol. This data also discloses the influence of the concentration of acid sites on the deoxygenation of 2-methoxycyclohexanol. Both Ru/BEA and Ru/ZSM-5, with both possessing low Si/Al ratios, display a high activity for HDO for guaiacol, while only the Ru/BEA catalyst exhibits a high activity for HDO of biocrude oil. Catalyst characterisation (BET, NH₃-TPD and NH₃ and acetonitrile-d3-FTIR) shows that the Ru/BEA catalyst, with a low Si/Al ratio, not only possesses strong Brønsted acid sites but also contains extensive mesoporosity. Notably, these mesopores appear to facilitate the hydrogenation, deoxygenation, and ring-opening of large oxygenated and condensed-ring hydrocarbons in biocrude oil which then leads to a high yield of cycloalkanes. As expected, the Ru/Al₂O₃ and Ru/SiO₂ catalysts exhibit a high hydrogenation activity but a lower deoxygenation activity in the HDO of guaiacol and biocrude oil. These results suggest that the larger pore support, with strong Brønsted acid sites, engendered the HDO activity observed. The reaction pathway for the main components of biocrude oil was proposed based on the observed reaction product distribution.]]> Wed 20 Oct 2021 11:28:59 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37281 2O over Fe-ferrierite (Fe-FER) catalyst prepared by solid-state ion-exchange method at moderate temperatures was studied using spectroscopic and solid characterization techniques including H₂ temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), N₂O temperature-programmed desorption (N₂O-TPD), and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The utilization of active oxygen species for the direct conversion of methane to value-added products at moderate temperatures was investigated. The active oxygen sites for the selective conversion of methane were identified by a TPR feature at 220 °C. This site is also characterized by an infrared band observed at 1872 and 1892 cm^-1 upon adsorption of NO. These bands are NO stretching vibrations of NO adsorbed on iron oxygen monomeric species, present in the zeolite cages and responsible for selective oxidation. We show that these oxidized species react with methane to form oxygenates but at higher temperatures form molecular oxygen. IR bands of surface methoxy groups were observed in significant concentration in the FTIR spectra and are suggested to be intermediate species of the selective oxidation of methane. Studies using continuous reactors demonstrated that cofeeding of methane and N₂O-promoted generation of desired products from methane conversion by N₂O over Fe-FER catalyst can be enhanced by optimizing the feed ratio of CH₄/N₂O. Furthermore, N₂, O₂ and NO were detected as the products of N₂O decomposition over Fe-FER catalysts.]]> Wed 19 Jul 2023 10:27:37 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42039 Wed 17 Aug 2022 12:13:19 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37280 4) to organic oxygenates utilizing heterogeneous and homogeneous processes conducted in the gaseous or liquid phase is reviewed. The most active catalytic systems are examined in terms of rates, longevity, and reaction mechanisms. Despite significant effort, the successful heterogeneous mimicking of selective CH₄ oxidation performed in an enzymatic system (methane monooxygenase) is still elusive. Under mild reaction conditions, the reaction is too slow, and under harsh conditions, total oxidation prevails. Thus, of particular interest herein is the assessment of oxidation at intermediate temperatures to 1) reduce total oxidation and 2) obtain sufficient concentration of activated oxygen and CH₄ species. Important operational parameters such as reaction conditions, catalyst preparation methods, and cofeeding of chemicals, which significantly affect the yield of desired products, are discussed. One particular system that is successful is the catalytic conversion of CH₄ to methanol under mild conditions using nitrous oxide (N₂O) with Fe-based catalysts or oxygen (O₂) with Cu-based catalysts. Special attention is paid to the controversy related to the identification of active sites, where the oxygen species suitable for CH₄ oxidation are purportedly formed.]]> Wed 16 Sep 2020 18:36:19 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:18751 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:10:45 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:17853 2 adsorption capacity and selectivity, in the presence of water vapour. The dynamic adsorption capacity of CO₂ on NaY-TETA, prepared with varying loadings of amine, was examined. Following modification, the surface properties of the adsorbent were changed, as evident by examining the adsorption and desorption isotherms of CO₂ from wet gas streams. The modified materials display excellent CO₂ uptake under humid conditions. A mechanism describing the interaction of CO₂ on the surface suggests a transformation from a mainly physical to chemical bonding due to modification of the surface functional groups on TETA. In addition, multicyclic use of NaY-TETA suggests that it could be an ideal sorbent for CO₂ capture from flue gases.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:09:32 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:44270 2 content in the feed gas and corresponds to 6.24 ng TEQ WHO 2005/mg of dieldrin and total PCDD/F concentration of 96.8 ng/mg of dieldrin.]]> Wed 10 May 2023 09:36:08 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45435 2O₃ catalyst for the hydrogenation of carbon oxides, in the presence of light hydrocarbons, was studied. Ni/Al₂O₃ displayed a high activity for the complete conversion of CO and CO₂ to methane and C₂₊ hydrocarbons. Moreover, over a discrete and relatively narrow temperature range, the net concentration of light C₂₊ hydrocarbons was elevated, with the exit stream containing a higher concentration of C₂₊ species than was present in the feed stream and the product stream being virtually free of carbon oxides. It is found that the addition of manganese can enhance the selectivity toward the production of light hydrocarbons. A series of Ni–Mn/Al₂O₃ catalysts, prepared with different Ni/Mn ratios, were studied. Various characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, CO and H₂ chemisorption, in situ nitric oxide adsorption Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (NO-FTIR), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) were performed to gain an insight into how the addition of Mn to the primary catalyst enhances the yield of light hydrocarbons. The origin of Mn promotion was demonstrated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which revealed the favorable Mn substitution at the Ni(211) step edge sites under reducing conditions. The affinity of these Mn species toward oxidation stabilizes the CO dissociation product and thus provides a thermodynamic driving force that promotes C–O bond cleavage compared to the Mn-unmodified catalyst surface.]]> Wed 07 Feb 2024 15:34:43 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54618 Wed 06 Mar 2024 10:46:13 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43978 Wed 05 Oct 2022 14:29:44 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36086 Wed 05 Feb 2020 14:51:11 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48752 Wed 05 Apr 2023 13:48:45 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:54420 Tue 27 Feb 2024 13:52:27 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:34543 Tue 26 Mar 2019 13:54:09 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47664 2.]]> Tue 24 Jan 2023 15:40:55 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:50988 Tue 14 Nov 2023 14:56:57 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47138 Tue 14 Nov 2023 11:38:41 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45912 Tue 08 Nov 2022 09:32:10 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51435 Tue 05 Sep 2023 17:54:57 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40134 Tue 05 Jul 2022 15:28:54 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40121 2-TPD and H₂-FTIR. IDP catalyst displays a higher metal dispersion and higher concentration of nickel hydrides than impregnated and DP catalysts, while bigger Ni nanoparticles formed in impregnated catalysts exhibit a higher concentration of nickel hydrides per surface Ni. The guaiacol conversion was not significantly affected by the catalyst preparation method, while the product selectivity was altered. Higher cyclohexane formation rate was detected over IDP catalysts compared to DP and impregnated catalysts. Besides, cyclohexane formation rate displays a positive linear correlation with the concentration of nickel hydrides, suggesting nickel hydrides play a crucial role in the hydrodeoxygenation reaction.]]> Tue 05 Jul 2022 13:57:40 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43843 Tue 04 Oct 2022 11:46:23 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:34458 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:22:25 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41382 Tue 02 Aug 2022 15:48:24 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:50674 Tue 01 Aug 2023 14:59:08 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:50501 Thu 27 Jul 2023 12:28:40 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:42556 650 °C), TCpyol undergoes both decarbonylation and dehydroxylation reactions together with decomposition of its primary product, TCpyol. A substantial number of toxicants is observed, including HCN and several nitriles, including cyanogen. No CS2 is observed under oxidative conditions - sulfur dioxide is the fate of S in oxidation of CPF, and quantum chemical studies show that SO2 formation is initiated by the reaction between HOPOS and O2. The range of toxicants produced in thermal decomposition of CPF is summarised.]]> Thu 25 Aug 2022 10:37:16 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:33941 Thu 24 Jan 2019 12:19:56 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40849 Thu 21 Jul 2022 15:35:13 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46380 Thu 17 Nov 2022 13:38:16 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43325 Thu 15 Sep 2022 14:43:46 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37767 2O as oxidant. Spectroscopic and solid characterization tools including H₂-TPR, in situ IR, N₂ gas adsorption, CO chemisorption, and TGA-MS were used in the investigation. Ammonia adsorption data suggested that among the studied zeolites, H-FER zeolite contained the highest concentration of framework Al atoms, which are essential for the formation of active extra-framework Fe species. The oxidation state and redox active species of Fe-ZSM-5, Fe-Beta, and Fe-FER catalysts were studied by H₂-TPR, which disclosed the presence of a unique reduction peak (originating from N₂O pretreatment) centered at approximately 235 °C over the samples. The hydrogen consumption peak was more prominent over Fe-FER than other catalysts, demonstrating that the Fe-FER catalyst contained more active sites for N₂O conversion in comparison to Fe-Beta and Fe-ZSM-5 catalysts. For IR spectra of NO adsorbed on the Fe zeolites, a band at 1874 cm^–1 with a shoulder at 1894 cm^–1 was observed over the three catalysts, suggesting the presence of extra-framework Fe clusters in ion exchange positions. We demonstrated these clusters are acting as active sites for the oxidation of methane with N₂O. Bands of methoxy groups were observed in FTIR profiles of CH4 and N₂O adsorbed on Fe-FER, Fe-ZSM-5, and Fe-Beta catalysts at 350 °C. Over Fe-FER, the concentration of silanol-bonded methoxy groups accounted for over 95% of all methoxy groups under all the reaction conditions studied. In comparison, for the Fe-ZSM-5 and Fe-Beta catalysts, the proportion was less than 80%. The catalytic activity studies showed that Fe-FER was the most active catalyst based on methane and N₂O conversion, and displayed the highest selectivity to C₁-oxygenates and dimethyl ether formation, while Fe-ZSM-5 obtained the highest selectivity to ethylene among the three catalysts. Fe-ZSM-5 was found to deactivate significantly due to coke formation.]]> Thu 15 Apr 2021 10:03:06 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46916 2) capture using reactive silicate-based mineral slurries exposed to a gas flow containing CO₂. The model is validated through experimentation using thermally conditioned or heat-activated serpentinite (hydrous metamorphic ultramafic rock) in a laboratory-scale bubble column reactor. The kinetic model developed advocates a holistic modeling approach, offering an expanded view of the dissolution of heat-activated serpentinite under lean CO₂ conditions, in which the gas–liquid–solid system and its influence on CO₂ dissolution and the coupled dissolution behavior of the material are considered in their entirety. Modeling incorporates the characteristics of the gas to liquid phase interaction, such as CO₂ composition of the gas phase and interfacial area, the composition of the aqueous phase and its temperature, and compositional and morphological features of the solid. We demonstrate that such an approach is essential when considering proton-limiting conditions that are especially relevant to mineral dissolution under dilute CO₂ conditions in short reaction timeframes. The model is of particular relevance to the use of reactive silicate-based minerals for the aqueous capture of CO₂ from dilute CO₂ gas streams. The model as developed can be used to predict CO₂ capture using heat-activated serpentinite slurries for a given set of operating conditions and should be adaptable for use with other alkaline materials of defined reactivity in similar or varying reaction settings by adequately specifying reaction conditions.]]> Thu 08 Dec 2022 08:53:04 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32657 Thu 05 Jul 2018 10:55:14 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41250 Sat 30 Jul 2022 12:40:37 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:11961 Sat 24 Mar 2018 10:32:24 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:31342 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:44:37 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:31498 2. This process has been studied by quantum chemical calculation, and a reaction potential energy surface has been developed. The rate constant of initial Cl atom fission has been calculated by canonical variational transition state theory as k = 1.45 × 10¹⁵ exp(−222 ± 9 kJ mol^–1/RT) s^–1 between 500 and 2000 K. A minimal kinetic model was developed to model the decomposition and major products. Oxidative decomposition was studied in nitrogen with O₂ contents of 1, 6, 12, and 20 mol %. Increasing O₂ to 6–8% increased the rate of decomposition of HCCP and decreased the yield of 8ClNP. Above 823 K, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and CO became major products. The oxidative reaction has also been studied quantum chemically. At high O₂ content (>∼10%), the rate of decomposition of HCCP declined as did yields of 8ClNP and HCB, but CO yields increased]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:44:07 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:31490 2. In this paper, we show, using density functional theory calculations, that the presence of adsorbed water on a ClCu(1 0 0) modified surface leads to a low energy pathway to a direct CuCl₂ formation.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:43:39 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:7764 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:41:56 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:8651 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:41:26 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:7076 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:38:03 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:17485 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:07 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:20342 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:02:57 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:17355 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:41 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:18604 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:03 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:17212 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:59:17 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:20583 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:36 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:16122 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:20 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:21245 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:02 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:21372 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:51:26 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:18537 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:11 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26093 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:55 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26104 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:52 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:31030 4 with N2O, particularly at higher CH₄ conversions. For this purpose, key process variables, such as temperature (300 °C–550 °C) and a molar feed ratio (N₂O/CH₄ = 1, 3, and 5), were altered to establish the conditions for maximized H₂ yield. The experimental study was conducted over the Co-ZSM-5 catalyst in a fixed bed tubular reactor and then compared with the thermodynamic equilibrium compositions, where the equilibrium composition was calculated via total Gibbs free energy minimization method. The results suggest that molar feed ratio plays an important role in the overall reaction products distribution. Generally for N₂O conversions, and irrespective of N₂O/CH₄ feed ratio, the thermodynamic predictions coincide with experimental data obtained at approximately 475 °C–550 °C, indicating that the reactions are kinetically limited at lower range of temperatures. For example, theoretical calculations show that the H₂ yield is zero in presence of excess N₂O (N₂O/CH₄ = 5). However over a Co-ZSM-5 catalyst, and with a same molar feed ratio (N₂O/CH₄) of 5, the H₂ yield is initially 10% at 425 °C, while above 450 °C it drops to zero. Furthermore, H₂ yield steadily increases with temperature and with the level of CH₄ conversion for reactions limited by N₂O concentration in a reactant feed. The maximum attainable (from thermodynamic calculations and at a feed ratio of N₂O/CH₄ = 3) H₂ yield at 550 °C is 38%, whereas at same temperature and over Co-ZSM-5, the experimentally observed yield is about 19%. Carbon deposition on Co-ZSM-5 at lower temperatures and CH₄ conversion (less than 50%) was also observed. At higher temperatures and levels of CH₄ conversion (above 90%), the deposited carbon is suggested to react with N₂O to form CO₂.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:52 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:29707 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:26 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:27130 -1 mimicking the typical flow and conversion requirements of a catalytic system designed to treat a ventilation air methane stream. In order to gain a better understanding of the interaction between H₂O and the catalyst surface, temperature-programmed desorption of water over fresh and used samples were studied, and supported by other catalyst characterization techniques such as N₂-adsorption desorption, XRD, TEM, SEM and XPS analyses. The activity measurements of the catalysts studied identify Co₃O₄ as the most active material. Co-precipitating gold particles with cobalt oxide or iron oxide do not enhance the activity of the catalyst, which is most likely due to blocking the active site of support by the gold particle. The presence of strong hydroxyl bonds on the catalyst surface is substantiated by TPD and XPS analyses, and is suggested to be responsible for the rapid deactivation of Fe₂O₃ and Au/Fe₂O₃ catalysts.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:03 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:29503 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:29:45 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:28256 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:34 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26398 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:01 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:26756 in situ FTIR experiments. The observation of the decomposition species further substantiates a proposed reaction mechanism for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction on the catalyst surface of some oxide catalysts.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:43 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:30034 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:20 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:30564 2O conversion reactions within a temperature range of 300–600°C. These reactions were examined in a fixed bed tubular reactor. ZSM-5 (Si/ Al = 15), TS-1, and amorphous silicates were used as catalyst supports for cobalt loadings. All catalysts were prepared by following standard methods and recipes. In general, cobalt loading on supports was varied between 0.78 and 5.40 wt.-% (as determined from inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis). ICP, temperature programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction, and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms were used for the characterization of prepared catalysts. Cobalt on ZSM-5 support generates weak and strong acid sites. Furthermore, for the Co-ZSM-5 catalyst, prepared by a wet deposition method, the N₂O decomposition reaction is first order with an activation energy of ~132 kJ mol⁻¹. Co²⁺ and Co³⁺ are the suggested active species for the N₂O conversions in the studied range of temperatures.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:55 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:24331 p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from their precursors. We have identified 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCPh), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCPh), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TriCPh), but have detected no chlorinated benzenes (CBzs). The detected chlorinated and nonchlorinated DD/Fs comprise dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD), 1- and 2-monochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1-, 2-MCDD), 1,6-, 1,9-, 1,3-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,6-, 1,9-, 1,3-DCDD), 4-monochlorodibenzofuran (4-MCDF), and 4,6-dichlorodibenzofuran (4,6-DCDF) at the reaction temperatures of 350 and 400 °C. However, at a lower reaction temperature, 250 °C, we have detected no PCDD/Fs. We have demonstrated that neat silica surfaces catalyze the generation of PCDD/Fs from chlorophenols at the upper range of the catalytic formation temperature of PCDD/F. The present finding proves the generation of PCDD/Fs on particles of fly ash, even in the absence of transition metals.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:16:37 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:24904 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:14:52 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:24114 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:41 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:24563 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:32 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39743 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:49:33 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:51027 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:21:49 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53602 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:21:32 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49155 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:44:58 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:32361 Mon 28 May 2018 11:46:59 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:40905 Mon 25 Jul 2022 11:21:14 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35221 Mon 24 Aug 2020 18:00:51 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:18680 Mon 20 Jul 2015 17:34:21 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:18679 Mon 20 Jul 2015 17:34:13 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:37366 Mon 19 Oct 2020 11:19:27 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:35492 Mon 19 Aug 2019 09:58:25 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:48924 Mon 17 Apr 2023 11:00:40 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41902 Mon 15 Aug 2022 14:15:27 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:36460 Mon 11 May 2020 13:20:44 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:45564 Mon 07 Nov 2022 12:03:56 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39234 4⁺ cations in zeolites with Ru³⁺ ions, are employed for the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol. The performance results indicate ion-exchanged Ru zeolites, with extremely low Ru contents (~0.2 wt%), possess a high intrinsic HDO activity compared to the catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. On the basis of TEM, FTIR, XPS and TPD analysis, the NH₄⁺ ions in zeolite were substituted by Ru species, with metal particles entered the zeolite cages and finely dispersed on the support. These ion-exchanged Ru particles exhibit a strong electronic interaction with oxygen atoms of zeolite framework with a mixed Ru(0)-Ru(III) species observed in the reduced samples. In contrast, only Ru⁰ was detected in the reduced impregnated Ru/ZSM-5. The partial-reduced Ru species over the ion-exchanged Ru/ZSM-5 catalyst shows a high H₂ adsorption activity facilitating the hydrogenation of guaiacol to the saturated products (such as 2-methoxycyclohexanol). In addition, ion-exchanged Ru-ZSM-5 and Ru-BEA catalysts present a similar normalized cyclohexane formation rate (based on the concentration of acid sites), suggesting the acid sites play a pivotal role in the deoxygenation of 2-methoxycyclohexanol to cyclohexane.]]> Fri 27 May 2022 13:36:26 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:47765 Fri 27 Jan 2023 11:07:04 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:46581 Fri 25 Nov 2022 13:47:01 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53127 Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:38:24 AEDT ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:39742 Fri 17 Jun 2022 18:27:05 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:43406 Fri 16 Sep 2022 10:54:33 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:41769 Fri 12 Aug 2022 11:56:24 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:49879 Fri 09 Jun 2023 09:54:44 AEST ]]> https://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:53581 Fri 08 Dec 2023 15:48:29 AEDT ]]>